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Contraposition
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» For contraposition in the field of traditional logic, see Contraposition (traditional logic).

Contraposition is a logical relationship between two propositions of material implication. One proposition is the contrapositive of the other just when its antecedent is the negated consequent of the other, and vice-versa, resulting in two statements that are logically equivalent. Strictly, a contraposition can only exist between two statements each of which is no more complex than involving the same two propositions materially implicated. However, it's common to see two statements called contrapositives just when the statements each contain a material conditional, and are precisely the same apart from one of these implications being the contrapositive of the other (in the strict sense).
   In propositional logic, a proposition Q is materially implicated by a proposition P when the following relationship holds:
» (P o Q)

In vernacular terms, this states "If P then Q". The contrapositive of this statement would be:
» ( eg Q o eg P)

That is, "If not-Q then not-P", or more clearly, "If Q isn't the case, then P isn't the case." The two above statements are said to be contraposed. Due to their logical equivalence, stating one is effectively the same as stating the other, and where one is true, the other is also true (likewise with falsity). Any propositions containing the first statement (for example forall isn't a rational number.
   

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